The Role of Leadership Programs in Business

The Role of Colors on Maps

The Role of Colors on Maps Cartographers use color on maps to represent certain features. Color use is always consistent on a single map and often consistent across different types of maps made by different cartographers and publishers. Many colors used on maps have a relationship to an object or feature on the ground. For example, blue is almost always the color chosen for water. Political Maps Political maps, or those that show government boundaries, usually use more map colors than physical maps, which represent the landscape often without regard for human modification, such as country or state borders. Political maps often use four or more colors to represent different countries or internal divisions of countries, such as states or provinces. Blue often represents water and black and/or red is frequently used for cities, roads, and railways. Black also shows boundaries, with differing types of dashes and/or dots used to represent the type of boundary: international, state, county, or other political subdivision. Physical Maps Physical maps use color most dramatically to show changes in elevation. A palette of greens often displays elevations. Dark green usually represents low-lying land, with lighter shades of green used for higher elevations. In the next higher elevations, physical maps often use a palette of light brown to dark brown. Such maps commonly use reds, white, or purples to represent the highest elevations shown on the map. It is important to remember that on maps that use shades of greens, browns, and the like, color does not represent ground cover. For example, showing the Mojave Desert in green due to low elevation doesnt mean that the desert is lush with green crops. Likewise, showing mountain peaks in white does not indicate that the mountains are capped with ice and snow all year long. On physical maps, blues are used for water, with darker blues representing the deepest water. Green-gray, red, blue-gray, or some other color is used for elevations below sea level. General-Interest Maps Road maps and other general-use maps are often a jumble of color, with some of the following schemes: Blue: lakes, rivers, streams, oceans, reservoirs, highways, and local bordersRed: major highways, roads, urban areas, airports, special-interest sites, military sites, place names, buildings, and bordersYellow: built-up or urban areasGreen: parks, golf courses, reservations, forest, orchards, and highwaysBrown: deserts, historical sites, national parks, military reservations or bases, and contour (elevation) linesBlack: roads, railroads, highways, bridges, place names, buildings, and bordersPurple: highways, and on U.S. Geographical Survey topographic maps, features added to the map since the original survey Choropleth Maps Special maps called choropleth maps use color to represent statistical data for a given area. Typically, choropleth maps represent each county, state, or country with a color based on the data for that area. For example, a common choropleth map of the United States shows a state-by-state breakdown of which states voted Republican (red) and Democratic (blue). Choropleth maps can also be used to show population, educational attainment, ethnicity, density, life expectancy, the prevalence of a certain disease, and much more. When mapping certain percentages, cartographers who design choropleth maps often use different shades of the same color, producing a nice visual effect. For example, a map of county-by-county per capita income in a state could use a range of green from light green for the lowest per-capita income to dark green for the highest per-capita income.

Work Based Module on IMPACT OF LOW STAFF RETENTION Essay

Work Based Module on IMPACT OF LOW STAFF RETENTION - Essay Example In a world getting increasingly competitive courtesy of the new complexities that arise day by day, organizations all over the world are increasingly looking into ways to retain their staff as much as possible within the organizations. Staff retention has therefore gained much prominence as a subject of study in current times. Many scholars are getting interested in the topic and this has seen so many volumes of staff retention materials being cheered out. It therefore begs a deeper analysis into this important subject while laying greater emphasis on the causes and the impact of staff retention on the performance of organizations. In spite of the fact that staff retention has been a hot area of study by contemporary organizational researchers, it cannot be argued that it is an entirely new field. Writings from several early organization thinkers have demonstrated that staff retention is a topic that attracted much attention even in those early times. For instance Herzberg’s t wo factor theory and his theory on motivation greatly illustrate the behavior of employees in the organization as regards their working conditions and motivation. The need to retain the employees within the organization rises out of many reasons. Hiring employees is a procedural process that is always very costly and involving. It therefore becomes quite a burden to the organization if the employee turnover is very high. Most organizations pay external consulting firms to recruit for them the best employees. Such costs, coupled with the costs of training the workers and other support services in the recruitment process are just too high. It therefore becomes a futile effort if the retention rate is low in the organization. Another consequence that arises out of a low staff retention rate is the loss of valuable knowledge from the organization. It must be remembered that knowledge on organizational management is a valuable asset that is only accrued through experience. As such, organ izations really experience deficiencies in such knowledge if the employee turnover rate is very high. Studies have indicated that 40 per cent of organizations in the UK are normally affected by a low staff retention rate. It therefore shows that this is an issue that requires so much attention and address. High employee turn over rate is also disastrous to the organization in the sense that it interrupts the various relationships that have been created between the customers and the employees. In companies all over the world, relationships will normally develop between the different stakeholders of organizations. It is on such mutual relationships that organizations stand. New faces coming in daily in the organizations normally disrupt the flow of operations as customers find themselves with different people to deal with. It is therefore crucial that employee turn over is reduced as much as possible. When employees leave the organizations for other opportunities, much workload is nor mally left for the remaining workers. When the work becomes too much, the workers are often demoralized to the extent that some of them may opt to leave the organization. It therefore shows that when workers leave the organizations, it creates a ripple effect that eventually impacts disastrously on the organization. It has also been demonstrated that potential employees use employee satisfaction as a parameter in determining whether to work for organizations or not. Therefore, an organization with a low employee retention rate is likely to attract few job seekers. Considering that human capital is very integral to the success of any organization, it becomes very hard for any company to stay competitively in the market without a pool of

Police excessive force and the qualified immunity defense Essay

Police excessive force and the qualified immunity defense - Essay Example A Qualified Immunity defense is defined under 42 U.S.C. 1983 provides, "in pertinent part, that '[e]very person who, under color of any statute, ordinance, regulation, custom, or usage, of any State , subjects, or causes to be subjected, any citizen to the deprivation of any rights, privileges, or immunities secured by the Constitution and laws, shall be liable to the party injured" (CFIF, 2002). In many cases, the stopping of a person while in a vehicle or on the street has proven that many times there is no fourth amendment violation as the police may make a traffic stop or stop a pedestrian based on probable cause in the event of information received therein. In the case of United States v. Escalante, 239 F.3d 678 (5th Cir. 2001) "the court said, that although the traffic stop, even if pretextual, does not violate the Fourth Amendment if any officer making the stop has probable cause to believe that a traffic violation has occurred." (Legal Enforcement Legal Review, 2001). By having these traffic stops in the first place is a contentious issue based on the fact perhaps not all traffic stops are based on probable cause, but, rather on racial profiling. The searches of vehicles after the fact should be ruled constitutionally invalid and judgement in favor of the plaintiff. But, many officers use the qualified immunity defense to protect their interests and their integrity b y abstaining from legal subjectivity in pending litigation. The purpose of many officials using the Qualified Immunity defense is fully justified in cases where police stop an average, law-abiding citizen based on their racial profile or for what the police identify as probable cause. When the police use excessive force in further detaining an individual that is not under suspicion of any activity, this is clearly a violation of their Fourth Amendment rights. Once a court case is filed, the officer will then decry qualified immunity based on their assessment that force was needed due to suspected violation of their Constitutional rights. The purpose of this paper is to discuss cases relative to the claims of Qualified Immunity defense and if similar cases of excessive police force justify how the issue pertains to current criminal justice events and why the issue is important to consider. Discussion will also take form of the present status of this issue before the courts and/or other law-making bodies, a presentation of both sides of the issue presenting a pro/con or for/against discussion, an analysis of the issues and a proposal to bring forth this issue and recommendations for implementation. Present Case Status of this Issue before the Courts Since the September 11th attacks, there have been more prevalent instances of police and law enforcement

Boise Art Museum Essay Example for Free

Boise Art Museum Essay Boise Art Museum is located in a serene environment with beautifully manicured lawns adorned with various artifacts. I had the privilege of visiting this renowned museum on 18th August 2003. During this time an exhibition showing the ceramic artistic works of Wanxin Zhang was ongoing. The ceramic works featured Chinese figures molded to the height of an average person and each piece having its own uniqueness. Each of the figures represented different emotions and personalities. Some of the figures even had clothing that depicted a combination of tradition and modernity. One astonishing aspect about the figures is how the artist managed such art with such huge ceramics. This depicted mastery of the art. Although all the figures were brown in color and more or less of the same size, it was very easy to discern differences in terms of the emotions and personalities displayed by the clothing, posture and facial expressions. This outlined how diversity can be achieved in art just by varying aspects such as posture and facial expression. The technique was superb as the artist managed utilize contour to bring out contrast in different parts of the body and to create outline for the clothing. The finishing was also smooth and rough surfaces were meant to bring certain aspects of the figure such as clothing. The figures are also amazing due to the extent that they manage to combine tradition and modernity. Looking at the figures one also notices the sense of humor of the artist. Some figures were adorned with glasses and some had neck ties. This gave the figures a funny and a ridiculous look. Generally the artist outlined how possible though ridiculous it would be to combine tradition and modernity in a single piece of work. This is actually a very rare observation considering that the figures still manage to look artistic and portray a rich Chinese culture. Reference: Boise Art Museum. (2010, August 18). Wanxin Zhang: A Ten Year Survey. Retrieved August 18, 2010, from Boise Art Museum: http://boiseartmuseum. org/exhibit/current. php

Response to the Front Kick :: essays research papers

LINE Training 2 – Response to the Front Kick The purpose of this document is to provide the reader with a clear explanation of the maneuvers contained in Series 2 of Marine Corps LINE Training. LINE stands for Linear Infighting Neuro-override Engagement. It is based on the principle of using the brain’s involuntary reactions to traumatic injury to gain an advantage over an opponent. Despite its brutality, the technique is intended only to be used for self-defense. All LINE tactics begin with a quick reversal, followed by a ‘softening blow’ to cause some form of trauma, and then end with a killing blow. MATERIALS Because this will be an unarmed combat exercise, no extra materials will be necessary other than a willing opponent to assist with the maneuver. PROCEDURE 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Assuming that the opponent is kicking with the right leg, and that you are standing to face to face with him, quickly roll on the balls of your feet until you are facing nearly 45 degrees to the right of your original position. This should place you out of the path of the attack so that you could watch your opponent’s foot go by you. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Strike the side of their foot with both of your palms. The force of the blow, combined with their momentum, should be sufficient enough to spin your opponent away from you. You should now be standing behind him. 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Close the distance between you and your opponent by grabbing their shoulders. Move quickly to take advantage of their lack of balance. Place your right foot against the back of their left knee and then step forward and down onto it. . Use your weight to force him to his knees. If done properly, this should break the patella, tear the cartilage in the knee, and possibly cause serious tendon and ligament damage as well. This is the softening blow. 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Stand quickly and stabilize your opponent by placing your right hand on his right shoulder. You should still be behind him. Using your left hand, place your palm on the top of his head and sink your fingers into his eye sockets. Simultaneously gouge and lift upwards with your fingers, until his chin is high enough to expose his throat. 5.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Release your right hand, close it into a fist and raise it into the air. Gouge the fingers of your left hand deeper into the eyes to keep your opponent incapacitated and strike downwards in a hammer-blow motion, using the side of your fist.

Understand Child and Young Peoples Development

3. 1/3. 1 Explain how to monitor children and young people’s development using different methods: Monitoring children and young people’s development using different methods such as an observation, where I would watch the child closely in different contexts depending on which area I was observing e. g. social development I would observe outside in the play area or in group activity. I would write up notes of what the child is doing, how they are interacting with others, their capability within the pre-school and then from this I would be able to tell their ability within the age range and if help was needed I would then put in a referral or organise a development plan. Communicating with the parent/career is also a great way of learning about the child as they may do things at home which they may not be confident in doing in the pre-school. All records and feedback found/used would be shared with the parent/career about the findings if any. Always remembering, to take into account their culture/EAL, and any issues with these. 3. 1/3. 2 Explain the reasons why children and young people’s development may not follow the expected pattern: There are many reasons that a child/person may not follow their expected development pattern – Emotional/social: They may not have the confidence, may prefer their own company which means their personal space is very important to them. Who and where they are socialising. Physical/mental abuse: If a child witnesses or experiences this, it could affect their how they value/control their own emotional feelings. Culture: There are many things they can and can’t do due to culture beliefs, poverty, not enough money, poor health, lack of resources or facilities or just lack of UTW. Disability: If they are unable to use certain parts of their body. Not having the facilities/resources available to them. Environment: If they do not associate or live around in a multi culture area they might not understand their environmental needs. 3. 1/3. 3 Explain how disability may affect development: If a child has a physical development they may not develop in their gross motor skills as quick as others. They may have a lack in motivation in participating which will impact on their development as they will not pay attention. If they do not have the correct resources/equipment then they will not develop as they will not have the help which may be required. They may be subject to discrimination or prejudice for this they may be treated different from the other children. They may not have the ability to learn, communicate or understand. There are many different types of learning disabilities from small to large problems that may affect their whole life.